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| 이름 : 호석 (220.♡.198.136) |
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| 날짜 : 2006-12-10 21:40:49 |
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| 제목 : 솔라리스 시스템 정보 명령어 정리 |
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출 처: http://www.sun.com/bigadmin/shellme/
http://www.hallym.ac.kr/~ykjeong
[ Contents ]
1. Debugging
2. Arp, ethernet trouble shooting
3. Disk Commands
4. Driver Parameters
5. File Manipulation
6. File System
7. File Transfer
8. General
8. Hardware
9. Kernel
10. Memory
11. Network Information
12. Network/Tuning
13. Processes
14. Resource Management
15. Route Configuration
16. Searching Items
17. Security
18. Set Terminal Options
19. Snoop Your Network
20. Swap File
21. Swap Space
22. System Configuration
23. System Information and Monitoring
1. Debugging
truss executable
/* Trace doing of given command ( useful debugging ) */
truss -f -p <pid of a shell>
/* Using multiple windows, this can be used to trace setuid/setgid programs */
2. Arp, ethernet trouble shooting
arp -a .
/* Shows the ethernet address arp table */
arp -d myhost
/* Delete a stale ethernet entry for host myhost */
3. Disk Commands
du -k .
/* Reports disk space used in Kilobytes */
du -sk .
/* Reports only total disk space used in Kilobytes */
du -ad /var | sort -nr
/* Tells you how big the /var files are in reverse order */
fdformat -d -U
/* Format diskette */
/usr/bin/iostat -E
/* Command to display drives statistics */
/bin/mount -F hsfs -o ro /dev/sr0 /cdrom
/* Mount an ISO 9660 CDROM */
prtvtoc /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s2
/* Disk geometry and partitioning info */
quot -af
/* How much space is used by users in kilobytes */
4. Driver Parameters
ndd /dev/ip \?
/* Shows IP variables in the kernel */
ndd /dev/ip ip_forwarding
/* Tells you if forwarding is on (=1) */
ndd -set /dev/ip ip_forwarding 1
/* Enables IP forwarding between interfaces */
5. File Manipulation
dos2unix | -ascii <filename>
/* Converts DOS file formats to Unix */
split
/* Split files into pieces */
[vi] : %s/existing/new/g
/* Search and Replace text in vi */
[vi] :set nu
/* Set line numbers in vi */
[vi] :set ts=[num]
/* Set tab stops in vi */
6. File System
cat /dev/null > filename
/* Zero's out the file without breaking pipe */
dd if=/dev/rdsk/... of=/dev/rdsk/... bs=4096
/* Make a mirror image of your boot disk */
df -k | grep dg| awk '{print $6}' |xargs -n 1 umount
/* Unmount all file systems in disk group dg */
fsck -F ufs /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s0
/* Check a UFS filesystem on c0t0d0s0 */
fsck -F ufs -y /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s0
/* Check answering yes to all questions */
fsck -F ufs -o b=97472 /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s0
/* Check using an alternate super block */
gzip -dc file1.tar.gz | tar xf -
/* Unpack .tar.gz files in place */
ls -la | awk '{ print $5," ",$9 }' | sort -rn
/* File sizes of current directory */
mount -f pcfs /dev/dsk/c0d0p1 /export/dos
/* Mount DOS fdisk partition from Solaris */
mount -F ufs -o rw,remount /
/* Used to remount root to make it writeable */
mount -o remount,logging /spare
/* Re-mount the ro file system rw and turn on ufs logging */
tar cvf filename.tar
/* Create a tape (tar) archive */
tar xvf filename.tar
/* Extract a tape (tar) archive */
tar cf - . | (cd /newdir ; tar xf -)
/* Recursively copy files and their permissions */
/sbin/uadmin x x
/* Syncs File Systems and Reboots systems fast */
zcat <patch_file.tar.Z | tar xvf -
/* Extract the patch_file that is a compressed tar file */
7. File Transfer
put "| tar cf - ." filename.tar
/* Undocumented Feature of FTP */
find . -depth | cpio -pdmv /path/tobe/copied/to
/* Fast alternative to cp -pr */
sendport
/* Transferring large numbers of files within the same ftp control session */
8. General
/usr/bin/catman -w
/* Create windex databases for man page directories */
mailx -H -u <username>
/* List out mail headers for specified user */
set filec
/* Set file-completion for csh */
8. Hardware
cfgadm
/* Verify reconfigurable hardware resources */
m64config -prconf
/* Print M64 hardware configuration */
m64config -depth 8|24
/* Sets the screen depth of your M64 graphics accelerator */
m64config -res 'video_mode'
/* Change the resolution of your M64 graphics accelerator */
9. Kernel
/usr/sbin/modinfo
/* Display kernel module information */
/usr/sbin/modload <module>
/* Load a kernel module */
/usr/sbin/modunload -i <module id>
/* Unload a kernel module */
nm -x /dev/ksyms | grep OBJ | more
/* Tuneable kernel parameters */
/usr/sbin/sysdef
/* Show system kernal tunable details */
10. Memory
prtconf | grep "Memory size"
/* Display Memory Size */
11. Network Information
ndd /dev/arp arp_cache_report
/* Prints ARP table in cache with IP and MAC address */
netstat -a | grep EST | wc -l
/* Displays number active established connections to the localhost */
netstat -k hme0
/* Undocumented netstat command */
netstat -i
/* Show the TCP/IP network interfaces */
netstat -np
/* Similar to arp -a without name resolution */
netstat -r
/* Show network route table */
netstat -rn
/* Displays routing information but bypasses hostname lookup. */
netstat -a | more
/* Show the state of all sockets */
traceroute <ipaddress>
/* Follow the route to the ipaddress */
12. Network/Tuning
ifconfig eth0 mtu 1500
/* Change MTU of interface */
ifconfig eth0 10.1.1.1 netmask 255.255.255.255
/* Add an Interface */
/sbin/ifconfig hme0:1 inet 10.210.xx.xxx netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 10.210.
xxx.xxx
/* Virtual Interfaces */
/sbin/ifconfig hme0:1 up
/* Bring virtual interface up */
/usr/sbin/ndd -set /dev/hme adv_100fdx_cap 1
/* Nailling to 100Mbps */
ndd -set /dev/ip ip_addrs_per_if 1-8192
/* To set more than 256 virtual ip addresses. */
ndd -set /dev/tcp tcp_xmit_hiwat 65535
/* Increase TCP-transmitbuffers */
ndd -set /dev/tcp tcp_recv_hiwat 65535
/* Increase TCP-receivebuffers */
13. Processes
fuser -uc /var
/* Processes that are running from /var */
kill -HUP `ps -ef | grep [p]roccess | awk '{print $2}'`
/* HUP any related process in one step */
pfiles <pid>
/* Shows processes' current open files */
pkill -n <name>
/* Kill a process by name */
kill `ps -ef | grep program_name | grep -v grep | cut -f8 -d ' '`
/* pkill for solaris 2.6 */
prstat -a
/* An alternative for top command */
/usr/ucb/ps -aux | more
/* Displays CPU % usage for each process in ascending order */
/usr/ucb/ps -auxww | grep <process name>
/* Gives the full listing of the process (long listing) */
ps -ef | grep -i <string> | awk '{ print $2 }'
/* Creates list of running PID by */
ps -ef | grep -v "0:00" | more
/* Gives you a list of any process with CPU time more than 0:00 */
ps -ef | more
/* Show all processes running */
ps -fu oracle|grep pmon
/* See which instances of Oracle are running */
/usr/proc/bin/ptree <pid>
/* Print the parent/child process 'tree' of a process */
/usr/proc/bin/pwdx <pid>
/* Print the working directory of a process */
top -b 1
/* Returns the process utilizing the most cpu and quits */
14. Resource Management
/usr/bin/ldd [filename]
/* List the dynamic dependencies of executable files */
/usr/proc/bin/pmap pid
/* Report address space map a process occupies */
15. Route Configuration
route add net 128.50.0.0 128.50.1.6 1
/* Adds route to 128.50 network via 128.50.1.6 */
route delete net 128.50.0.0 128.50.1.6
/* Deletes route to 128.50 network */
route get [hostname]
/* Which interface will be used to contact hostname */
route monitor
/* Monitors traffic to the routes */
route flush
/* Removes all entries in the route table */
16. Searching Items
egrep "patterna|patternb" <filename>
/* Search for multiple patterns within the same file */
find . -exec egrep -li "str" {} \;
/* Find a string in files starting cwd */
find / -fstype nfs -prune -o fstype autofs -prune -o -name filename -print
/* Find without traversing NFS mounted file systems */
find . -mtime -1 -type f
/* Find recently modified files */
find / -mtime <# of days>
/* Find files modified during the past # of days */
find . ! -mtime -<days> | /usr/bin/xargs rm -rf
/* Finds and removes files older than <days> specified */
find . -type f -exec grep "<sub-string>" {} \; -print
/* Find files containing <sub-string> within directory tree */
find . -type f -print | xargs grep -i [PATTERN]
/* Recursive grep on files */
find / -user <username>
/* Find all files owned by <username> */
find / | grep [file mask]
/* Fast way to search for files */
find <start_path> -name "<file_name>" -exec rm -rf {} \;
/* Recursively finds files by name and automatically removes them */
find /proc/*/fd -links 0 -type f -size +2000 -ls
/* Find large files held open by a process */
ls -lR | grep <sub_string>
/* Fast alternative to find */
17. Security
echo 'Please go away' > /etc/nologin
/* Stops users logging in */
find / -perm -0777 -type d -ls
/* Find all your writable directories */
find / -type f -perm -2000 -print
/* Find all SGID files */
find / -type f -perm -4000 -print
/* find all SUID files */
18. Set Terminal Options
stty erase ^H
/* Sets the Backspace Key to erase */
stty erase ^?
/* Sets the Delete Key to erase */
stty sane
/* Rreset terminal after viewing a binary file. */
tput rmacs
/* Reset to standard char set */
19. Snoop Your Network
snoop -d pcelx0
/* Watch all network packets on device pcelx0 */
snoop -o /tmp/mylog pcelx0
/* Saves packets from device pcelx0 to a file */
snoop -i /tmp/mylog host1 host2
/* View packets from logfile between host1 & host2 */
snoop -i /tmp/mylog -v -p101
/* Show all info on packet number 101 from a logfile */
snoop -i /tmp/mylog -o /tmp/newlog host1
/* Write a new logfile with all host1 packets */
snoop -s 120
/* Return the first 120 bytes in the packet header */
snoop -v arp
/* Capture arp broadcasts on your network */
20. Swap File
mkfile -v 10m /export/disk1/myswap
/* Makes a 10 Megabyte swapfile in /export/disk */
mkfile -nv 10m /export/disk1/myswap
/* Makes an empty 10 Megabyte swapfile */
21. Swap Space
swap -s
/* List the amount of swap space available, also see mkfile */
swap -a /export/disk1/swapfile
/* Add a swapfile */
swap -d /dev/dsk/c0t0d0s4
/* Deletes a swap device */
swap -l
/* List the current swap devices */
22. System Configuration
/usr/sbin/eeprom auto-boot? false
/* Changes eeprom autoboot? setting without going to Ok prompt */
/usr/sbin/eeprom diagswitch? true
/* Set the system to perform diagnostics on the next reboot. */
/usr/sbin/grpck
/* Check /etc/group file syntax */
/usr/sbin/pwck
/* Check /etc/passwd file syntax */
/usr/sbin/sys-unconfig
/* Clear host specific network configuration information */
23. System Information and Monitoring
coreadm -e log
/* Report global core */
/usr/sbin/eeprom
/* Show eeprom parameters */
grep "\-root" /var/adm/sulog | grep -v \+ | tail -25
/* List most recent attempts to switch to superuser account. */
isainfo -bv
/* Quickly checkout if machine is in 32 or 64 bit mode */
last
/* Tells who was or still is on the system */
logger -i
/* Log the process ID */
/usr/sbin/prtconf -vp
/* Show system configuration details */
/usr/platform/`/bin/uname -i`/sbin/prtdiag -v
/* System Diagnostics */
psrinfo | wc -l
/* System Diagnostics */
psrinfo | wc -l
/* Display number of processors */
sar -A <time in sec>
/* Provides cumulative system report. */
sar -a <time in sec>
/* Report use of file access system routines. */
sar -u
/* Report CPU Utilization */
uname -a
/* Displays system information */
vmstat 10
/* Displays summary of what the system is doing every 10 seconds */
ypcat hosts | sort -n -t. +0 -1 +1 -2 +2 -3 +3 -4
/* Take the input of "ypcat hosts" or "cat /etc/inet/hosts" and sort by IP. */
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